Which technology is employed to enhance data transmission efficiency in real-time applications?

WebSockets is the technology employed to enhance data transmission efficiency in real-time applications. This protocol provides a full-duplex communication channel over a single TCP connection, which allows for continuous two-way communication between a client and server. This is particularly beneficial for real-time applications where timely data exchange is crucial, such as online gaming, chat applications, and financial trading platforms.

WebSockets maintain an open connection, enabling data to be sent and received at any time without the overhead associated with opening and closing HTTP connections each time data needs to be transferred. This adaptability significantly reduces latency and improves the overall responsiveness of applications that require real-time interaction.

Other options like FTP protocols, HTTP requests, and static IP addressing do not facilitate the same level of real-time performance. FTP focuses on file transfer and isn't optimized for real-time communication. HTTP requests can be efficient for many web applications but involve more overhead, as each request opens a new connection. Static IP addressing, while related to networking, has no direct impact on enhancing the efficiency of data transmission in the context of real-time applications.