Which process involves actively searching for vulnerabilities in systems and networks?

The process of scanning refers to the systematic examination of systems and networks to identify vulnerabilities, misconfigurations, and weaknesses that could be exploited by an attacker. This involves using various tools and techniques to probe systems for open ports, services running, software versions, and known vulnerabilities associated with those components. Scanning can be performed in different forms, including network scanning, vulnerability scanning, and application scanning, each with a focus on discovering specific types of security flaws.

In the context of proactive security measures, scanning is a critical step in the overall risk management and security posture of an organization. By identifying vulnerabilities before they can be exploited, organizations can take the necessary steps to remediate these issues and enhance their security defenses. This makes scanning an essential process in maintaining the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of the organization's assets.