What type of storage provides temporary space for frequently changing or non-persistent data?

The correct choice is ephemeral storage because it is specifically designed to provide temporary space for data that changes frequently or is non-persistent in nature. This type of storage is often associated with cloud environments, particularly in scenarios where applications and workloads are dynamic and may need to scale up or down rapidly.

Ephemeral storage is commonly used for situations like temporary instances, caches, or scratch space, where data does not need to be retained after the instance is terminated. This allows for faster performance because the underlying storage is generally quicker to access and manage than persistent storage solutions.

In contrast, persistent storage is intended for data that must be continuously retained, such as files or databases that need to survive reboots or server shutdowns. Backup storage refers to data that is specifically archived for the purpose of recovering from loss or corruption, while archive storage is intended for long-term retention of infrequently accessed data, making these options unsuitable for the temporary and frequently changing requirements addressed by ephemeral storage.